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April 11, 2024
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Review

Overview of Global Long-Distance Road Transportation of Industrial Roundwood

Publicated to: Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering. 45 (1): 217-236 - 2024-01-01 45(1), DOI: 10.5552/crojfe.2024.2286

Authors:

Kärhä, K; Seuri, M; Mac Donagh, P; Acuna, M; Kanzian, C; Petkovic, V; Robert, RCG; Costa, LHS; da Cruz, RC; Krumov, T; Bradley, A; Röser, D; Pinto, C; Dian, W; Pandur, Z; Dvorák, J; Jorgensen, MT; Muiste, P; Irdla, M; Ginet, C; Purfuerst, T; Dietz, HU; Spinelli, R; Suzuki, Y; Shirasawa, H; Lazdins, A; Visser, R; Harvey, C; Skjolaas, D; Moskalik, T; Trzcinski, G; Borz, SA; Musat, EC; Triplat, M; Oberholzer, F; Talbot, B; Tolosana, E; von Hofsten, H; Akay, AO; Bakay, B; Conrad, JL; Olivera, A
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Affiliations

Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Technol, Qinghuadong Lu 35 - Author
CNR IBE, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino - Author
Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Dept Forestry Technol & Construct, Kamycka 129 - Author
Estonian Univ Life Sci, Kreutzwaldi 5 - Author
FCBA, 60 route Bonnencontre - Author
Forestal Arauco, El Golf 150 Las Condes - Author
Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, 1 Matsuno - Author
Forestry South Africa, POB 100281 - Author
FPInnovat, 2665 East Mall, Vancouver - Author
Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Entomol & Protect - Author
Klabin S.A State Capital Sao Paulo, Ave Brigadeiro Faria Lima 3-600 - Author
Kochi Univ, Fac Agr & Marine Sci, B200 Monobe - Author
Latvian State Forest Res Inst SILAVA, 111 Riga St - Author
Misiones Natl Univ, Fac Forest Sci, Bertoni 124 - Author
Norwegian Forest Owners Federat, POB 1438 Vika - Author
Slovenian Forestry Inst, Dept Forest Tech & Econ, Vecna Pot 2 - Author
Stellenbosch Univ, Fac Agrisci, Dept Forest & Wood Prod Sci, Private Bag X1 - Author
Transilvania Univ Brasov, Fac Silviculture & Forest Engn, Dept Forest Engn, Forest Management Planning & Terr Measurements, Sirul Beethoven 1 - Author
Ukrainian Natl Forestry Univ, Dept Forest Engn, Gen Chuprynka St 103 - Author
Univ Banja Luka, Fac Forestry, Vojvode Stepe Stepanovica 75a - Author
Univ Bodenkultur Wien, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Forest Engn, Peter Jordan Str 82 - Author
Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver - Author
Univ Canterbury, Fac Engn, Sch Forestry, Private Bag 4800 - Author
Univ Copenhagen, Skovskolen Nodebo,Nodebovej 77A - Author
Univ Eastern Finland, Sch Forest Sci, Box 111 - Author
Univ Fed Parana, Dept Forest Engn & Technol, Ave Pref Lothario Meissner 632, BR-80210170 Curitiba - Author
Univ Forestry, Fac Forestry, Dept Technol & Mechanizat Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd - Author
Univ Freiburg, Werthmannstr 6 - Author
Univ Georgia, Harley Langdale Jr Ctr Forest Business, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid UPM, ETSI Montes Forestal & Medio Nat - Author
Univ Republ Uruguay, Tacuarembo Univ Ctr, Route 5,Km 386-2 - Author
Univ Sunshine Coast, Forest Ind Res Inst, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore - Author
Univ Zagreb, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Forest Engn, Svetosimunska Cesta 23 - Author
Uppsala Sci Pk - Author
Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Inst Forest Sci, Dept Forest Utilizat, SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 - Author
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive overview of global long-distance road transportation of industrial roundwood. The study focused on the maximum gross vehicle weight (GVW) limits allowed with different timber truck configurations, typical payloads in timber trucking, the road transportation share of the total industrial roundwood longdistance transportation volume, and the average long-distance transportation distances and costs of industrial roundwood. The study was carried out as a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was sent to timber transportation logistics experts and research scientists in the 30 countries with the largest industrial roundwood removals in Europe, as well as selected major forestry countries in the world (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Uruguay) in February 2022, and closed in May 2022. A total of 31 countries took part in the survey. The survey illustrated that timber trucking was the main long-distance transportation method of industrial roundwood in almost every country surveyed. Road transportation averaged 89% of the total industrial roundwood long-distance transportation volume. Timber truck configurations of 4 to 9 axles with GVW limits of around 30 tonnes to over 70 tonnes were most commonly used. The results indicated that higher GVW limits allowed significantly higher payloads in timber trucking, with the lowest payloads at less than 25 tonnes, and the highest payloads more than 45 tonnes. The average road transportation distance with industrial roundwood was 128 km, and the average long-distance transportation cost in timber trucking was euro11.1 per tonne of timber transported. In the entire survey material, there was a direct relationship between transportation distance and transportation costs and an inverse relationship between maximum GVW limits and transportapayloads (within legal limits) and minimise haul distances. Several measures to increase cost- and energy-efficiency, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in road transportation logistics, are discussed in the paper. On the basis of the survey, it is recommended that upindustrial roundwood be conducted in some countries in the future.
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Keywords

BiomassCost efficiencyCostsEfficiencyForestGross vehicle weight (gvw) limitMarketsOptimizationPayloadTimber haulingTimber logisticsTimber truckingTransportation costTransportation distanceWood

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Forestry.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-05:

  • WoS: 16
  • Scopus: 16
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-05:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 26.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 26 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 21.
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 3 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Additionally, the work has been submitted to a journal classified as Diamond in relation to this type of editorial policy.
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Argentina; Australia; Austria; Brazil; Bulgaria; Canada; Chile; China; Croatia; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Italy; Japan; Jordan; Latvia; New Zealand; Norway; Oman; Poland; Slovenia; South African Republic; Sweden; Turkey; Ukraine; United States of America; Uruguay.

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