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Grant support

The authors disclose receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work has been funded by the University of Cadiz through the projects named: Diseno y fabricacion de protesis sensorial de mano robotica antropomorfica parare habilitacion (I+i 2023/01); Advanced multimodal systems for upper limb robotic prosthetics, Junta de Andalucia: FEDER-UCA18-108407; and "Robotic solutions for quantitative assessmentand personalized rehabilitation therapy based on machine learning techniques, Junta de Andalucia: P18-RT-2916.

Analysis of institutional authors

Badesa, Francisco JAuthor

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September 22, 2024
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Anthropomorphic Robotic Hand Prosthesis Developed for Children

Publicated to:Biomimetics (Basel). 9 (7): 401- - 2024-07-01 9(7), DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9070401

Authors: Medina-Coello, P; Salvador-Domínguez, B; Badesa, FJ; Corral, JMR; Plastrotmann, H; Morgado-Estévez, A

Affiliations

Univ Appl Sci Munster, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, D-48565 Steinfurt, Germany - Author
Univ Cadiz, Sch Engn, Appl Robot Res Grp TEP 940, Puerto Real 11519, Spain - Author
Univ Politecn Madrid UPM, Ctr Automation & Robot CAR UPM CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author
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Abstract

The use of both hands is a common practice in everyday life. The capacity to interact with the environment is largely dependent on the ability to use both hands. A thorough review of the current state of the art reveals that commercially available prosthetic hands designed for children are very different in functionality from those developed for adults, primarily due to prosthetic hands for adults featuring a greater number of actuated joints. Many times, patients stop using their prosthetic device because they feel that it does not fit well in terms of shape and size. With the idea of solving these problems, the design of HandBot-Kid has been developed with the anthropomorphic qualities of a child between the ages of eight and twelve in mind. Fitting the features of this age range, the robotic hand has a length of 16 cm, width of 7 cm, thickness of 3.6 cm, and weight of 328 g. The prosthesis is equipped with a total of fifteen degrees of freedom (DOF), with three DOFs allocated to each finger. The concept of design for manufacturing and assembly (DFMA) has been integrated into the development process, enabling the number of parts to be optimized in order to reduce the production time and cost. The utilization of 3D printing technology in conjunction with aluminum machining enabled the manufacturing process of the robotic hand prototype to be streamlined. The flexion-extension movement of each finger exhibits a trajectory that is highly similar to that of a real human finger. The four-bar mechanism integrated into the finger design achieves a mechanical advantage (MA) of 40.33% and a fingertip pressure force of 10.23 N. Finally, HandBot-Kid was subjected to a series of studies and taxonomical tests, including Cutkosky (16 points) and Kapandji (4 points) score tests, and the functional results were compared with some commercial solutions for children mentioned in the state of the art.

Keywords

Anthropomorphic designChild handDesignDfmDfmaFingeKinematicsRobotic handUpper limb prosthesis

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Biomimetics (Basel) due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position 31/175, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Engineering, Multidisciplinary.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2025-11-10:

  • WoS: 1
  • Scopus: 4

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-11-10:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 23.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 21 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 2.35.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 3 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://oa.upm.es/83800/

As a result of the publication of the work in the institutional repository, statistical usage data has been obtained that reflects its impact. In terms of dissemination, we can state that, as of

  • Views: 199
  • Downloads: 166

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Germany.