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García-Pérez A.Author
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Scanning electron microscopy analysis of metallic and aesthetic bracket meshes before and after debonding

Publicated to:Korean Journal Of Orthodontics. 55 (1): 15-25 - 2025-01-01 55(1), DOI: 10.4041/kjod24.073

Authors: Rodríguez-Chávez JA; Flores-Ruiz HM; Flores-Ledesma A; García-Pérez A; Bazán-Diaz L

Affiliations

Department of Natural and Exact Sciences; CUValles; University of Guadalajara; Ameca; Mexico - Author
Institute of Dental Research; Department of Integral Dental Clinics; University Center for Health Sciences; University of Guadalajara; Guadalajara; Mexico - Author
Laboratory of Dental Materials and Biomaterials; Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla; Puebla; Mexico - Author
Laboratory of Public Health Research; National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); Tlalnepantla; Mexico - Author
Materials Research Institute; National Autonomous University of Mexico; Mexico City; Mexico - Author
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Abstract

Objective: To study the influence of bracket base meshes on shear bond strength and observe them using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after debonding. Methods: Ninety brackets were divided into nine groups of 10 samples each: G1-Alexander, G2-Mini Sprint® Brackets, G3-In-Ovation R CCO, G4-Gemini SL Self-Ligating Bracket, G5-Classic mini 2G Stylus®, G6-Gemini Metal Brackets, G7-Clarity™ Advanced, G8-Crystall-Ize®, and G9-Ceramic Series Flexx 2G®. Groups G1 to G6 and G7 to G9 consisted of metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. Initial photographs of all brackets were taken through SEM at 25X magnification. The brackets were then bonded to premolars using Transbond™ XT, and a shear bond strength test was conducted after 24 hours using an Instron machine at 1 mm/min. After debonding, the bracket meshes were observed using SEM. Results: Before bonding, 72.22% of brackets didn’t present mesh defects, while 27.77% did. SEM analysis revealed that G4 and G5 presented defects in 100%, G7 in 40%, and G8 in 10%. The average shear bond strength of 9.67 ± 2.84 MPa and 11.21 ± 4.99 MPa were obtained for both metallic and aesthetic brackets, respectively. A Pairwise–Wilcoxon test with Benjamini–Hochberg correction was conducted to determine specific statistical differences between the groups, revealing significant differences based on bracket type and shear bond strength (P < 0.009). Conclusions: This study suggested that the shape of bracket meshes influenced shear bond strength. © 2025 The Korean Association of Orthodontists.

Keywords
AdhesiveBracketScanning electron microscopyShear bond strength

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Korean Journal Of Orthodontics due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 39/158, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine.

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-07:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 1 (PlumX).
Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Mexico.