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This research was partially funded by the following research projects: 'PCBBUS. Plan Nacional 2014-Proyectos de I+D+I. Reference: TRA2014-57520-R' and 'SEGVAUTO-TRIES-CM. Convocatoria de Programas de I+D en Tecnologia/2013 Orden 3017/2014 del 24 de septiembre, B.O.C.M Num. 252 del 23 de octubre de 2014. Reference: S2013/MIT-2713'.

Analysis of institutional authors

Lopez Martinez, Jose MariaCorresponding AuthorNuria Flores, M.AuthorDel Pozo, VictorCorresponding Author

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June 9, 2019
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Design and Simulation of a Powertrain System for a Fuel Cell Extended Range Electric Golf Car

Publicated to:Energies. 11 (7): - 2018-07-01 11(7), DOI: 10.3390/en11071766

Authors: Grijalva, Edwin R.; Lopez Martinez, Jose Maria; Nuria Flores, M.; del Pozo, Victor;

Affiliations

UPM, Univ Inst Automobile Res INSIA, Madrid 28031, Spain - Author
UTE, Fac Ciencias Ingn & Ind, Quito 170508, Ecuador - Author

Abstract

This article analyses the energy behaviour of an electric golf car as the penultimate step to developing a fuel cell electric light-duty vehicle. The configuration used is that of an extended range electric vehicle with a fuel cell (FCEREV). The system includes two energy storage sources to drive the powertrain: the first consists of using energy stored in a lead-acid battery pack and the second consists of hydrogen stored in metal hydrides and its use is based on a 200W polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) type fuel cell. The type of system also allows charging the vehicle by connecting it to the electrical grid. The aim of the proposed design is to extend the autonomy of the golf car allowing it to make several trips in one day without having to charge it by connecting it to the electrical grid, considering the large amount of time this would take. The analysis of the performance has been set based on the current regulation and is therefore within the range for these types of vehicles. This arrangement extends autonomy by 38% as opposed to the pure EV electrical mode, which allows for making at least two more trips with a hydrogen tank filled with 0.085 kg H-2.

Keywords

Automotive simulationEnvironmental assessmentExtended range electric vehicleGolf carHybridHydrogenLife-cycle assessmentPem fuel cellVehicle

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Energies due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2018, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 1.63, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Oct 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-10-06, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 7

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-10-06:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 44 (PlumX).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Ecuador.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (Grijalva, Edwin R.) and Last Author (POZO OBREGON, VICTOR DEL).

the authors responsible for correspondence tasks have been LOPEZ MARTINEZ, JOSE MARIA and POZO OBREGON, VICTOR DEL.